Several inhaled drug formulations were studied by radiolabeling the active ingredient (several different steriods) with C-11 or F-18, formulating that ingredient as the dosage form (different MDI, DPI, and nebulizer formulations), and performing quantitative PET studies of the regional biodistribution and kinetics.

A change in excipients in the formulation produced a striking change in distribution and kinetics.

Another subject, and display graphic method, in the excipient change study.

The use of a spacer caused a highly statistically significant change in distribution in a study with an N of only four.

A comparison of one identical pulmonary inhalation formulation with use of a spacer(left) and no spacer (right).

A single subject, PET/MRI overlay, showing 3D Image of inhaled drug in the lungs.

Comparison of PET 3D Image and typical planar scintigraphy 2D Image.

A nasal image and the anatomic goal of nasally delivered drugs for allergic rhinitis.

3D rendering of a nasally administered C-11 steroid drug.

Distributions of drugs after nasal inhalation.

A comparison of two similar formulations of similar drugs in a crossover study.

Different subjects in a nasal drug deposition study (monochrome MRI overlaid on color PET).

Different subjects in a nasal drug deposition study (monochrome MRI overlaid on color PET).

Three dimensional regions of interest used for analysis of nasal distribution studies.

Nasal distribution kinetics of two different drugs in a single subject (time lapse video).

Single subject nasal inhalation, distribution kinetics (time lapse video).

A second submect, nasal inhalation time lapse video.